Types of Beams in Construction

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A beam is a structural element that primarily resists loads applied laterally to the beam's axis. Its mode of deflection is primarily by bending. The loads applied to the beam result in reaction forces at the beam's support points. The total effect of all the forces acting on the beam is to produce shear forces and bending moments within the beam, that in turn induce internal stresses, strains and deflections of the beam.

Now we discuss about classification of beam used in building construction.

Classification of beams based on supports:

1.    Simply supported Beam:

This is type of beam which is supported on the ends which are free to rotate and have no moment resistance.

2.    Fixed Beam:

This is type of beam which is supported on both ends and restrained from rotation.

3.    Over hanging:

In this type of beam a simple beam extending beyond its support on one end.

4.    Double overhanging beam:

Its another type of overhanging beam, but in this beam a simple beam with both ends extending beyond its supports on both ends.

 

5.    Continuous beam:

Continuous beam is a beam in which a beam is extending over more than two supports.

6.    Cantilever beam:

Cantilever beam is a rigid beam that is fixed to a support usually a vertical structure or wall and the beam's other end is free.

Classification of beams based on Geometry

1.      Straight beam:

This beam has straight profile.

2.      Curved beam:

As name suggest this beam has curved profile.

3.      Tapered beam:

The cross section of this beam is tapered

4.      Based on the shape of cross section:

This type of beams is no need to explanation.

I.       I-beam:

II.      T-beam:

III.     C-beam:

Classification of beams based on materials:

This type of beam has also no need to explanation

1.    Timber Beam

2.    Steel Beam

3.    Concrete beam

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